You should start work with the basic elements in irrigation system. While you are planning the irrigation system, there are some important points you should know. The demands of the plants, the structure of the soil, and the wind and sun state of the area are among the important points. This information will help you design the irrigation system, the amount of the water to be spent and the frequency of the irrigation.
USE OF SOIL AND THE WIND 
The soil to be used in your garden will have to be in the quality that will enable the nutrition of the plants and that will keep the water that is needed by them. Sandy soils are ideal for the development of the roots of the plants; however, they are also weak in retaining the nutrients and the water. If you add organic materials and clay to this soil, then you can obtain the ideal mixture. The winds that visit your garden are also important in designing the irrigation system. If you are going to establish a sprinkler irrigation system in a windy part of your garden, the distance of water stretch should be multiplied by 0.60 if they are going to be placed in square design; and if they are to be placed in triangle position the distance should be multiplied by 0.70. This is very important in placing the irrigation system.
LIGHT OR SHADE?
Another important point is the light and shady areas in the garden. Since the two areas will consume water in different amounts, you should pay attention to this issue during the planning stage of the irrigation system. If you do not pay attention to this point, and if the same amount of water is sent to the shady and sunny areas, then there will be moss in the areas that are in the shade and receive more water.
DO NOT MAKE A MISTAKE!
There are two systems for irrigation. One of these is the dropping system and the other one is the sprinkler system. There are mathematical calculations to be made during the installation of both systems. The area may not be watered as a whole in one stage depending on the size and the power of the pump used. In such a situation, you should divide the area into smaller sections. The number of the sections depends on the area and the power of the pump. Another calculation to be made during the planning of the irrigation system is the debit and pressure. The pump and the pipes you will use will give you an idea on the debit. Depending on this information, you can calculate how many sprinkles you will use in one section. The pump has a pressure value. This value is the value at the output point of the pump. This value will change upon the diameter of the pipe and to the length of it. 2-atmosphere pressure is necessary for the pump to work in a healthy condition. And to get this pressure, you will need to do the calculations in a rightful manner. If you make mistakes during this stage, and if the pressure is more than needed, then the water will be cast in the wind and you will waste water. If the pressure is below the necessary value, then the sprinklers will only water themselves and the irrigation will be unbalanced.
WHAT TO USE, WHERE TO USE?
Usually the dropping system is used in watering the plants, and the sprinkler system is used in grass areas. The holes in a dropping system will release 2-15 liters of water per hour depending on the pressure of the water. The pipe should not be more than 80-100 meters in length. By doing so, you will have a balanced irrigation system. The pipes should be near the plant roots, and the holes on the pipes should be in proper distance to each other. You can lay the drop pipes in 50 cm distance to each other. In sprinkler system, the sprinklers are placed in square or triangle forms in the area. The purpose is to send the water in a uniformed and balanced situation. This is a very hard job. The mistakes will show themselves during the summer. The dry areas in the grass will show themselves. Take precautions for this before it is too late.
Separate irrigation lines will have to be placed for sunny and shady areas in the garden.
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